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Research team discover the world’s largest ancient stone block in Baalbek

In the summer of 2014, the Oriental Department of the German Archaeological Institute led excavations in the quarry of Baalbek Heliopolis (Lebanon) and discovered the world’s largest ancient quarried stone block.

The monolithic block is a staggering 19.60 m long, 6 m wide and at least 5.5 m high with an estimated weight of 1650 tons. Stones like this were quarried for the podium of a temple dedicated to Jupiter in the Roman sanctuary of Baalbek.

stoneb1
New monolith discovery (Bottom right) – Credit: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut

The team is currently investigating why the stone was never completed and left in the quarry – and by what means could the stone block be transported.

Studying the machining marks on a similar 1000 ton monolith, named “Hajjar al-Hibla” (Stone of the Pregnant Woman) their data revealed that Hajjar al-Hibla was left in the quarry due to the poor stone quality on the block’s edge that could leave it prone to damage during transport.

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Stone of the Pregnant Woman : WikiPedia
Stone of the Pregnant Woman : Hajjar al- Hibla WikiPedia

The larger monolith, located in the stone layer under the Hajjar al- Hibla has a narrow side already worked to a smooth face and would have been transported as a single block.

Archaeologists also investigated the waste dumps of the mining activities, in order to locate datable and stratifiable sherds of pottery and small finds.

The giant monolith will be further investigated to gain exact dimensions during the next phase of archaeological investigations.

The research was undertaken  with the supervision of Prof. Dr. Abdul Massih Jeanine , Lebanese University and the Baalbek Project of the Orient Department of the German Archaeological Institute, in cooperation with the Lebanese Council of Antiquities.

Deutsches Archäologisches Institut

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Mark Milligan
Mark Milligan
Mark Milligan is an award winning journalist and the Managing Editor at HeritageDaily. His background is in archaeology and computer science, having written over 7,500 articles across several online publications. Mark is a member of the Association of British Science Writers (ABSW), the World Federation of Science Journalists, and in 2023 was the recipient of the British Citizen Award for Education and the BCA Medal of Honour.

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